# Pneumatic System Examples It can be complex to set up a [Modular Pneumatic System](pneumatics-info/), and so on this page we provide two examples to help you. These samples cover a simple small aircraft (like the DA62) and a complex large aircraft (like the Boeing 737), and provides both a visual schematic for the systems being created, and the resulting CFG settings.     ### Small Aircraft The pneumatic system of small aircraft is a very simple one with one pneumatic engine powering windshield deicing and the other pneumatic engine powering the cockpit. The cockpit also has a link to a ram air entry. All of the lines for this system are controlled by valves, and there are no other components used. The image below shows an example schematic for a small aircraft (like the DA62) pneumatic system: {{< image-center src="images/5_Content_Config/CFGs/pneumatics/pneumatic_1_da62.png" alt="DA62 Pneumatic System Schematic" >}}   The CFG file contents for the components in this system would look like this: ``` cpp [PNEUMATIC_SYSTEM_EX1] Version = 1 Engine.1 = Name:LeftEngine #Index:1 #BleedTemperaturesCurve:1 #Outputflow:0.2 Engine.2 = Name:RightEngine #Index:2 #BleedTemperaturesCurve:1 #Outputflow:0.2 Curve.1 = 0:30, 100:60 RamAir.1 = Name:RamAir #Surface:0.1 Outlet.1 = Name:WindshieldDeice #Type:WindshieldDeice Area.1 = Name:Cockpit #Volume:10 #AmbientBleedStaticFlow:0.02 Valve.1 = Name:LeftEngineHotAirValve #Circuit:1 Valve.2 = Name:RightEngineHotAirValve #Circuit:2 Valve.3 = Name:RamAirValve #Circuit:3 Line.1 = Name:LeftEngineToWindShieldDeice #Source:LeftEngine #Destination:WindshieldDeice #Valves:LeftEngineHotAirValve #WearAndTearCollision:GlobalDamage Line.2 = Name:RightEngineToCockpit #Source:RightEngine #Destination:Cockpit #Valves:RightEngineHotAirValve Line.3 = Name:RamAirToCockpit #Source:RamAir #Destination:Cockpit #Valves:RamAirValve ```     ### Large AIrliner Most large airliners need a lot of components as they has to manage pressure using at least two engines and an APU. We see on the schematic below, that there are lines connecting an engine to its corresponding pack, but they are also connected to each other via the crossbleed valve (a ram air entry is also possible, directly in the mixer unit). The bleed air that enters the packs is cooled and sent to the mixer unit, and from there it will be pushed into the corresponding areas. At the same level as the packs, the hot air valve receives the bleed air coming from each engine and lets it go through to the valves regulating the hot air in the corresponding areas. After those valves, the hot air is mixed (if needed) with the cold air coming from the mixer unit and arrives in the areas where it will affect the temperature and the pressure of the aircraft. Note that areas send back some of the air to the mixer unit, completing the air loop. The outflow valve at the bottom manages the pressure in the aircraft and opens accordingly. {{< image-center src="images/5_Content_Config/CFGs/pneumatics/pneumatic_2_boeing.png" alt="737 Pneumatic System Schematic" >}} The CFG file contents for the components in this system would look something like this: ``` cpp [PNEUMATIC_SYSTEM_EX1] Version = 1 AreasMinTemperature = 18.0 AreasMaxTemperature = 30.0 MaxDifferencialPressure = 8.9 AreasMaxTemperatureInput = 70.0 APU.1 = Name:APU #BleedTemperaturesCurve:1 #OutputFlow:3.0 RamAir.1 = Name:RamAir #Surface:0.05 Engine.1 = Name:LeftEngine #Index:1 #BleedTemperaturesCurve:2 #OutputFlow:3.0 Engine.2 = Name:RightEngine #Index:2 #BleedTemperaturesCurve:2 #OutputFlow:3.0 Curve.1 = 0:200, 100:220 Curve.2 = 0:200, 100:250 Pack.1 = Name:LeftPack #Circuit:1 #DefaultTemperatureOutput:24 #PackFlowLow:0.8 #PackFlowHigh:1.2 #MinTemperatureOutput:8 #MaxTemperatureOutput:50 #TypicalFlow:3.0 Pack.2 = Name:RightPack #Circuit:2 #DefaultTemperatureOutput:18 #PackFlowLow:0.8 #PackFlowHigh:1.2 #MinTemperatureOutput:8 #MaxTemperatureOutput:50 #TypicalFlow:3.0 MixerUnit.1 = Name:MixerUnit Area.1 = Name:Cockpit #Volume:13 #AmbientBleedStaticFlow:0.02 Area.2 = Name:FrontCabin #Volume:250 #Bleed:1, 0.2:3, 0.5 #AmbientBleedStaticFlow:0.02 Area.3 = Name:BackCabin #Volume:250 #AmbientBleedStaticFlow:0.02 Outlet.1 = Name:WingsDeice #Type:WingDeice Valve.1 = Name:OutflowValve #Circuit:1 #Type:Outflow #OpeningTime:3.0 Valve.2 = Name:CrossbleedValve #Circuit:2 #Type:Crossbleed #OpeningTime:3.0 Valve.3 = Name:HotAirValve #Circuit:3 #Type:HotAir Valve.4 = Name:CockpitHotAirValve #Circuit:4 #ManagedArea:Cockpit Valve.5 = Name:FrontCabinHotAirValve #Circuit:5 #ManagedArea:FrontCabin Valve.6 = Name:BackCabinHotAirValve #Circuit:6 #ManagedArea:BackCabin Valve.7 = Name:RamAirValve Junction.1 = Name:LeftJunction #InputOnlyLines:APUToLeftJunction #OutputOnlyLines:LeftJunctionToEnginesHotAirJunction, LeftJunctionToLeftPack Junction.2 = Name:RightJunction #OutputOnlyLines:RightJunctionToEnginesHotAirJunction, RightJunctionToRightPack Junction.3 = Name:EnginesHotAirJunction #InputOnlyLines:RightJunctionToEnginesHotAirJunction, LeftJunctionToEnginesHotAirJunction #OutputOnlyLines:EnginesHotAirJunctionToAreasHotAirJunction Junction.4 = Name:AreasHotAirJunction #InputOnlyLines:EnginesHotAirJunctionToAreasHotAirJunction #OutputOnlyLines:AreasHotAirJunctionToCockpitJunction, AreasHotAirJunctionToFrontCabinJunction, AreasHotAirJunctionToBackCabinJunction Junction.5 = Name:CockpitJunction #InputOnlyLines:MixerUnitToCockpitJunction, AreasHotAirJunctionToCockpitJunction #OutputOnlyLines:CockpitJunctionToCockpit Junction.6 = Name:FrontCabinJunction #InputOnlyLines:MixerUnitToFrontCabinJunction, AreasHotAirJunctionToFrontCabinJunction #OutputOnlyLines:FrontCabinJunctionToFrontCabin Junction.7 = Name:BackCabinJunction #InputOnlyLines:MixerUnitToBackCabinJunction, AreasHotAirJunctionToBackCabinJunction #OutputOnlyLines:BackCabinJunctionToBackCabin Junction.8 = Name:OutflowJunction #InputOnlyLines:CockpitAreaToOutflowJunction, FrontCabinAreaToOutflowJunction, BackCabinToOutflowJunction #OutputOnlyLines:OutflowJunctionToOutflowValve Line.1 = Name:APUToLeftJunction #Source:APU #Destination:LeftJunction Line.2 = Name:LeftEngineToLeftJunction #Source:LeftEngine #Destination:LeftJunction Line.3 = Name:RightEngineToRightJunction #Source:RightEngine #Destination:RightJunction Line.4 = Name:LeftJunctionToRightJunction #Source:LeftJunction #Destination:RightJunction #Valves:CrossbleedValve Line.5 = Name:LeftJunctionToEnginesHotAirJunction #Source:LeftJunction #Destination:EnginesHotAirJunction Line.6 = Name:LeftJunctionToLeftPack #Source:LeftJunction #Destination:LeftPack Line.7 = Name:RightJunctionToEnginesHotAirJunction #Source:RightJunction #Destination:EnginesHotAirJunction Line.8 = Name:RightJunctionToRightPack #Source:RightJunction #Destination:RightPack Line.9 = Name:EnginesHotAirJunctionToAreasHotAirJunction #Source:EnginesHotAirJunction #Destination:AreasHotAirJunction #Valves:HotAirValve Line.10 = Name:LeftPackToMixerUnit #Source:LeftPack #Destination:MixerUnit Line.11 = Name:RightPackToMixerUnit #Source:RightPack #Destination:MixerUnit Line.12 = Name:MixerUnitToCockpitJunction #Source:MixerUnit #Destination:CockpitJunction Line.13 = Name:MixerUnitToFrontCabinJunction #Source:MixerUnit #Destination:FrontCabinJunction Line.14 = Name:MixerUnitToBackCabinJunction #Source:MixerUnit #Destination:BackCabinJunction Line.15 = Name:AreasHotAirJunctionToCockpitJunction #Source:AreasHotAirJunction #Destination:CockpitJunction #Valves:CockpitHotAirValve Line.16 = Name:AreasHotAirJunctionToFrontCabinJunction #Source:AreasHotAirJunction #Destination:FrontCabinJunction #Valves:FrontCabinHotAirValve Line.17 = Name:AreasHotAirJunctionToBackCabinJunction #Source:AreasHotAirJunction #Destination:BackCabinJunction #Valves:BackCabinHotAirValve Line.18 = Name:CockpitJunctionToCockpit #Source:CockpitJunction #Destination:Cockpit Line.19 = Name:FrontCabinJunctionToFrontCabin #Source:FrontCabinJunction #Destination:FrontCabin Line.20 = Name:BackCabinJunctionToBackCabin #Source:BackCabinJunction #Destination:BackCabin Line.21 = Name:CockpitToMixerUnit #Source:Cockpit #Destination:MixerUnit Line.22 = Name:FrontCabinToMixerUnit #Source:FrontCabin #Destination:MixerUnit Line.23 = Name:BackCabinToMixerUnit #Source:BackCabin #Destination:MixerUnit Line.24 = Name:LeftJunctionToWingsDeice #Source:LeftJunction #Destination:WingsDeice Line.25 = Name:CockpitAreaToOutflowJunction #Source:Cockpit #Destination:OutflowJunction Line.26 = Name:FrontCabinAreaToOutflowJunction #Source:FrontCabin #Destination:OutflowJunction Line.27 = Name:BackCabinToOutflowJunction #Source:BackCabin #Destination:OutflowJunction Line.28 = Name:OutflowJunctionToOutflowValve #Source:OutflowJunction #Destination:OutflowValve Line.29 = Name:RamAirToCockpit #Source:RamAir #Destination:Cockpit #Valves:RamAirValve ```     ### No Packs This example is not from any specific aircraft, but is meant to illustrate a very simple setup that does not use any **packs** to regulate temperature or pressure: {{< image-center src="images/5_Content_Config/CFGs/pneumatics/pneumatic_3_nopack.png" alt="Simple Pnuematics System That Does Not Use Packs" >}}   The CFG file contents for the components in this system would look like this: ``` cpp Version = Latest Curve.1 = 0:150, 100:200 RamAir.1 = Name:RamAir #Surface:0.05 Engine.1 = Name:Engine #BleedTemperaturesCurve:1 #OutputFlow:1.0 Valve.1 = Name:HeatingValve #Circuit:1 #ManagedArea:Cabin ; Automatic Valve managing Heating Valve.2 = Name:ColdAirValve #Circuit:2 ; Manual valve to add cold air Valve.3 = Name:OutflowValve #Circuit:3 #Type:Outflow Junction.1 = Name:CabinJunction Area.1 = Name:Cabin #Volume:15 Line.1 = Name:EngineToJunction #Source:Engine #Destination:CabinJunction #Valves:HeatingValve Line.2 = Name:RamAirToJunction #Source:RamAir #Destination:CabinJunction #Valves:ColdAirValve Line.3 = Name:JunctionToCabin #Source:CabinJunction #Destination:Cabin Line.4 = Name:CabinToOutflow #Source:Cabin #Destination:OutflowValve ```